William h



(No Model.) I

W. ELLIOT. Magazine Fire Arm.-

lP'fenu-zd April 26,1881.

No. 240,679. a

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U27 m. j w W 2% W N PETEHS, yFMOTQJJTHOGRAPIMIERI WASHINGTON. D. C,

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

MAGAZINE FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 240,679, dated April 26, 1881.

Application tiled February 17, 188].

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. ELLIOT, of the city and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Magazine Fire-Arm, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a more convenient, simpler, and more practical magazine fire-arm than any now in use; and the nature of my invention consists in the use of certain appliances and methods, which are fully set forth in the following specification and` claims.

Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of the arm, showing the carrier, sear, and trigger in elevation. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the toggle-connection, showing the parts in their relative positions when the arm is open. Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the ejector. Fig. 4 is a top view of the connecting-link. Fig. 5 is a modification of the same. Fig. 6 is a topview of the lever and carrier, showing a portion of the bolt and hammer in horizontal section at x, Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a modification of the same. l Fig. 8 is an elevation of a portion of the tangstrap.

a is the receiver of the arm 5 c', the barrel of the same; a, chamber of the barrel; b, maga zine-tube; b', upward-projectin g portion of the tang-strap 5 b", charge-opening for charging themagazine; b,coverofthecharge-opening; c, bolt or breech-block 5 c', dependent portion ofthe same; c, joint between the breech-block and lever 5 c, recess in the connecting-link` for the reception of the carrier; d, hammer; d', pivot of the same; d, mainspring and stirrup; c, carrier; e', carrier-spring; c, widened portion of the carrier; c, arm ofthe carrier; g, guard-lever and upper link of the toggleconnection; g', lower or connecting link of the same; g, joint between the two links of the same; g", joint between the connecting-link and a xed point on the receiver; h, recess in the connecting-link for the reception of the thin portion 7L of the lever; h, recess in the lever for the carrier; c', trigger 5 i, Sear; i, point on the sear upon which the trigger acts; t, hook on the trigger; m, tang-strap; m', recoil-shoulder ou the same; m, corresponding shoulder on the guard-lever; m, medial line of the receiver; n, shoulder on the guardlever, which rests against the dependent por- (No model.)

0"', stop for the firing-pin; r, scar-spring; r,

bevel on the forward end of the dependent portion c; r, broken lines, showing the position of the forward end of the breech-block when the. arm is open; r', shoulder on the firing-pin w, line of section.

The invention herein described refers to that kind ot' magazine-arm in which the breechblock has a reciprocal movementin a line with the barrel for opening and closing the chamber, and in which said movement is given to the breech-block by means of a toggle-connection, which has its upper or lever link extended rearward under the wrist of the arm to form a lever, and is an improvement upon the arm patented to me September 14, 1880.

The arm in its closed position is shown in Fig 1, in which the devices are represented in the act of firing the charge, and in Fig. 2 the lever and toggle-connection are shown in their relative positions when the arm is open.

For a magazine I employ a single tube provided with the usual cartridge-propelling devices, and located under the barrel.

The receiver of the arm has the barrel a screwed into its forward end, and is also provided with a tang-strap, m, which extends along the lower side to the rear of the receiver to form a tang, and forward of the receiver to support the cover b" of the charge-opening. The tang-strap has upon it the recoil-shoulder m', which rests upon shoulders n", cut in the material of the receiver in its rear. It also has upon it an upward-projecting portion, b', at the forward end of the receiveiginto which the magazine-tube is screwed, as shown in Fig. 8. The shoulders uf, cut in the solid material of the receiver, are the real recoil-shoulders ofthe arm.` The recoil-shoulder m on the tang-strap is introducedbetween the recoilshoulders uf and the shoulder m ony the guard-lever, to avoid inconvenience and eX- pense in'manufacturing. If the shouldcrm on the guard-lever were made to rest directlyy on the recoil-shoulders n, without the intervening shoulder or upward projection, m", on

IOO

the tang-strap, the same result would be produced. These shoulders ot" are formed in the material of the receiver by making the opening between the sides of the receiver in front of said shoulders the full width of the tang- 'strap, while the opening between the sides of the receiver in rear of said shoulders is only wide enough to make room for the lock.

The operatin g-lever of the arm is pivoted at its forward end to the dependent portion of the breech-block at c. The forward or short arm of the lever forms one-link of thetoggleconnection, and when the arm is closed it fits in between the dependent portion of the breechblock at u and the recoil-shoulder on on the tang-strap, whereby it resists the recoil of the charge. The lever also extends to the rear of the recoil-shoulder and has upon it the trigger and trigger-guard, as shown in Fig. l. The lower or connecting link of the toggle-connection is pivoted at its rear end to the lever or upper link at g, and at its forward end to a fixed point upon the receiver, in close proximity to and under, or nearly under, the mouth of the magazine, the joint at g" being loose, so as to allow a slight longitudinal movement. A downward and forward movement of the rear end of the lever brings the toggle-connection to the position shown in Fig. 2, and the forward end of the breech-block to the position shown by broken lines r", Fig. l, thrusting the breech-block out at the rear end of the receiver and bringing the hammer to full-cock in the usual way.

The carrier c is pivoted to the receiver' at d', upon .the same pivot with the hammer, as shown in Figs. l, 6, and 7. It has an arm, 6', which extends upward into the groove n in the under side of the breech-block. lt also has a widened portion, c, at its forward end, for keeping the cartridge in a central position. This widened portion is acted upon by the bevel r to force the carrier slowly down as the breech-block moves forward in closing the arm, which brings the forward end of the carrier down below the center of the head of the cartridge in the magazine. The last portion of th'e forward movement then brings the rear end of the groove w against the arm c and suddenly depresses the carrier, so that a cartridge which has previously been released by thefeed-pawl may pass upon it. As the breechblock is moved backward in opening the arm lthe carrier, by the action of the spring e', is raised, carrying the cartridge with it up to the receiving-chamber before the breech-block. 1f from any cause the action of the spring should not bring up the cartridge in time, the movement of the carrier is made positive by the forward end of the groove n' coming in con# tact with the arm 0" as the breech-block is completing its backward movement. By extending-the bevel r on the forward end ofthe dependent portion o' a little lower 4down the carrier would be moved from its highest to its lowest position by the bevel alone.

The ejector o, as shown in Figs. l and 3, is

Y hammer, after falling upon the firing-pin, im-

forward end of the breech-block, and is at its inner end provided with a collar within the breech-block, upon which the spring o rests. The rear end of said spring acts upon shoulder r'" on the firing-pin, which throws the pin back until arrested bythe stop 0". This backward movement of the firing-pin forces the hammer backward until the point of the sear falls into the safety-notch. By this means the mediatel y rebounds toa safe position. As the breech-block moves forward in closin g the arm theejector strikes the head of the cartridge and is forced back against the action of spring o', and as the breech-block is withdrawn in opening the arm the upper edge of the cartridge-head bein gheld b v the extractor, as soon as the forward end of the cartridge-shell is free from the receiver the ejector, by the action of its spring, ejects the shell from the arm. By this construction and arrangement of devices the spring o is made to serve the double purpose of actuatin gthe ejector an d of rebounding the hammer.

By reference to Figs. l and Git may be seen that the lower portion or tumbler of the hammer is divided or bifurcated to make room for the carrier, which swings upon the same center or pivot with the hammer, whereby, in case of long exposure, the parts becoming clogged by rust, sand, or other obstructions, a few backward and forward movements of the hammer will free both the hammer and carrier from such obstructions, so that they will be perfectly under the control of their respective springs. The carrier need not necessarily be put in a bifurcation of the hammer. It may be placed upon one side of the hammer, as shown in Fig. 7.

One obstacle to the employment of a lever and toggle-joint for moving the breech-block, in connection with a magazine arranged under the barrel, is the great difficulty of obtaining sufficient movement of the breech-block to allow a cartridge of the length they are now used for long range to move back into the receiver and be raised by the carrier up before t chamber by lateral movement without making the arm too heavy and cumbersome to be practical. This obstacle doesnot present itself in loading by hand, as in that case the cartridge may be inserted by a partially parallel movement. To obviate this difficulty I employ an arrangement of toggle-connection which, as herein shown, connects the lever or lever-link with a fixed point upon the forward end .ofthe receiver, under or nearly under, the mouth of 125 the magazine-tube, the lever in this arrangement being free to swing upon its fulcrum g" through more than one hundred and twenty degrees, if need be, whereas by the arrangement shown in said patent it cannot swing through more than eighty degrees. Thus, by `the arrangement herein shown, any desired IOO amount of space may be devoted to handling the cartridge within the receiver, while the receiver may be made more than twenty per cent. shorter than would be required with any other arrangement of toggle-connection.

By reference to Figs. 1, 2, and 4 it may be seen that the connecting-link y has a recess, c", in its upper surface for the reception ofthe carrier, and a recess, le, for the reception ofthe thin portion It of the lever, and that the lever or lever-1ink has, in turn, a bifurcation or recess, It, for the reception of the carrier. By this construction of the parts in relation to each other the depth ofthe receiver is brought within reasonable dimensions and a heavyand unwieldy arm avoided.

The relative construction of the three lastmentioned devices may be reversed and effect the same object; butI prefer the construction and arrangement shown.

In Figs. 5 and 7 may be seen a modification n the arrangement of some ot' the devices of the breech mechanism, the dependent portion of the bolt and the lever-link being arranged to occupy the receiver upon one side of its medial line m, while the carrier, carrier-sprin g, and feed-pawl occupy the receiver upon the other side of themedial line. By this arrangement the bifurcation of the dependentportion of the breech-block and of the lever or leverlink may be avoided.

- I have herein shown the tangstrap made in one piece with the several devices upon it. It may, however, be made in two pieces, for convenience in manufacturing.

Havin g described my in vention, what I desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent of the United States is` 1. In a magazine fire-arm, the construction and arrangement of devices as follows: a breech-block adapted to slide back and forth in a line with the barrel to open and close the arm, and provided with a dependent portion, c; a toggle-connection which has its upper or lever lilik pivoted at its forward end to the dependent portion of the breech-block, and at its rear end is extended backward under the wrist of the arm to form a lever, and is provided with the shoulder m, said toggle-connection having its lower or connecting link pivoted at its forward end to a Xed point on the receiver in close proximity to and under, or nearly under, the mouth of a magazine arranged under the barrel,- a carrier. pivoted at its rear end to l the receiver and adapted to be depressed below the mouth of the maga-zine to receive a cartridge therefrom, and a tang-strap provided with the recoil-sh oulder m', substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a magazine fire-arm, a tan g-strap constructed and arranged substantiall, 7as follows,

to the rear of the same to form a tan g for ing upon it the upward projection, m', which rests on its rear surface upon shoulders a", cnt in the material of the receiver, and serves as a recoil-shoulder, the upward projection, b', into which the magazine-tube is fastened, said tang-strap being extended forward of the receiver, and having in the part so extended forward the charge-opening to the magazine, and having thereon the charge opening cover, as set forth.

3. In a magazine lire-arm having a breechblock for closing the chamber, which moves in a line with the barrel, firing-pin `centrally arranged and projecting at forward end, spiralspring around said ring-pin, which acts both upon the ejector to eject the shelland upon the firing-pin to force the hammer back to half-cock, substantially as specified.

4. In a magazine lire-arm having a 'tubular magazine arranged under the barrel and provided with the usual cartridge propelling spring and follower, a breech-bolt for closing the chamber, which moves in a line with the barrel, an d is provided with a shoulder formed by the forward end of the groove u', a dependent projection, c', forming the joint c between it and the operating-lever of the arm, and lia-ving upon its forward end the bevel r', and in combination therewith acarrier pivoted at its rear end to the receiver and provided with the spring c', with the arm c, projecting into the groove a', and with the widened portion e, whereby the carrier is adapted to be raised from its lowest and held in its highest position by both positive and spring movement, and to be depressed by the bevel 1" on the joint c, substantially as specified.

WM. H. ELLIOT.

GEO. D. RICHARDSON,

' Witnesses: A i D. LEWIS.

the support of the butt-stock, hav- 

